Rekey a sound lock when the problem is who can open it. Replace or repair hardware when the problem is the lock, door or required function. At a rental, the decision also includes safe exit, compatible keys, electronic credentials and a documented handoff. Returning every issued key does not tell you whether someone made another copy.
What rekeying changes
Rekeying changes the cylinder’s key combination so a different key operates it. The exterior hardware can remain in place. It’s especially useful during routine turnovers or when locks remain in good condition. It does not repair a cracked frame, dragging door, damaged bolt or loose strike plate.
Use the instructions for the actual product. For example, Kwikset’s SmartKey guidance describes its own rekeyable cylinder system, which needs the current working key, its tool and a compatible new key. That method is not a procedure for other brands. Schlage’s residential guidance says its cylinders can be rekeyed but requires a certified locksmith for rekeying to avoid voiding its warranty. Confirm the model and warranty before approving work.
Use this rekey-or-replace decision table
| Situation | Decision to investigate | Completion check |
|---|---|---|
| Turnover or an unreturned key; hardware operates normally | Rekey the compatible cylinder. | New keys work; previous keys no longer work where available for testing. |
| Bent bolt, damaged cylinder or broken mechanism | Have a locksmith assess repair or replacement. | Hardware operates normally after the defect is corrected. |
| Door must be lifted or pushed hard to lock | Inspect alignment, hinges, frame and strike before blaming the cylinder. | Door closes and locks without force. |
| Several locks need one key | Check keyway and cylinder compatibility. | Every intended door works with the authorized key. |
| Hardware does not meet the required function or applicable code | Select approved replacement hardware with qualified guidance. | Confirm installation, exit operation and accessibility. |
| Electronic lock at turnover | Review codes, accounts, fobs and any physical-key cylinder separately. | Former permissions are removed; current access works. |
Check the whole opening before ordering
Deciding between rekeying and replacement doesn’t have to be a solo decision; locksmiths offer valuable expertise in assessing lock conditions and recommending the most suitable service. Give the vendor the brand, model, door type, symptoms and photographs of visible damage. Identify whether it is a unit door, shared entrance or other opening. Do not improvise a consumer-lock swap on a shared or fire-rated door.
California example: Civil Code section 1941.3 addresses operable deadbolts on main swinging dwelling-entry doors, with specified exceptions and alternatives. It requires manufacturer-conforming installation and compliance with applicable fire, life-safety and accessibility codes. It also addresses common-area exterior-door locking mechanisms. A visually similar replacement is not enough to establish compliance. Have the locksmith or appropriate building authority check requirements for that opening.
Rekeying is a security procedure, not a way to remove an existing tenant. For California residential rentals, the California Courts guide expressly prohibits locking a tenant out to make them leave. Coordinate lawful occupancy and access before work.
Make key control part of turnover
- Inventory access: list unit cylinders, mailbox keys, shared-door keys, garage remotes, fobs and electronic accounts. Identify authorized holders.
- Choose the scope: record which openings will be rekeyed, repaired or replaced, and why. A missing master key needs broader assessment than a single unit key.
- Schedule the handoff: coordinate authorized work and resident access. Avoid leaving an occupied home without usable entry or exit.
- Test: follow manufacturer procedures, initially with the door open where appropriate. Check each supplied key, then normal door closure and interior release. Do not force a binding mechanism.
- Record delivery: note the work date, hardware model, vendor, number of keys or credentials issued and recipients. Keep actual key codes and access secrets out of general work-order notes.
- Close permissions: collect vendor keys and remove temporary electronic access according to the system’s instructions. Store management copies securely with a checkout record.
Compare the scope of quotes, not headline prices
Ask for itemized quotes covering the service visit, each cylinder, labor, parts, key copies and any door repair. Ask whether an after-hours visit or incompatible cylinder changes the quote. For electronic hardware, include credential administration, batteries and support arrangements in the decision. Kwikset’s Halo page illustrates why both access types matter: it describes app, code and traditional-key entry. There is no useful universal price for this mix of work; use a written local quote for the identified hardware rather than an unsourced cost range.
Frequently asked questions
When is rekeying enough?
Rekeying can address a change in key holders when the compatible lock and door are sound. It does not fix damaged hardware, misalignment or an unsuitable locking function.
Does changing a smart-lock code replace rekeying?
Not necessarily. A lock may have a separate physical-key cylinder, fobs or account permissions. Review every access method and remove former credentials using the manufacturer’s instructions.
Sources and verification
Checked October 5, 2026. This is general operational information, not legal advice. California law is an example; local code and the specific hardware govern the installation.
- Kwikset: SmartKey Security — rekey purpose, product-specific tools and compatibility.
- Kwikset: Halo entry modes — electronic and traditional-key access in one model.
- Schlage: can I rekey my lock? — residential cylinder rekeying and warranty conditions; updated August 2025.
- California Civil Code section 1941.3 — specified rental-door hardware and code compliance.
- California Courts: eviction cases — no lockout to remove a tenant.
